The human body is comprised of over 60% water. Exposure to hot environments and/or strenuous activity leads to sweating. Without adequate hydration, the body can succumb to heat illness but there are several causes and symptoms of dehydration.
Dehydration is a condition that occurs when the body doesn’t have enough water to function properly. It is a prevalent issue that can have serious consequences if left unaddressed. In this article, we will explore the causes, symptoms, and the crucial importance of proper hydration.
Causes of Dehydration
Several factors can contribute to dehydration. Exposure to hot environments and engaging in strenuous physical activity can lead to excessive sweating, resulting in fluid loss from the body. Additionally, certain external factors can increase the risk of dehydration. These include high ambient air temperature and humidity, radiation from hot surfaces and machinery, outdoor exposure, confined spaces, lack of mobility and access to cooler environments, isolation from others, and prolonged periods of strenuous work.
- Ambient air temperature and humidity
- Radiation from hot surfaces and machinery
- Outdoor exposure
- Confined spaces
- Lack of mobility and access to cooler environments
- Isolation from other people
- Strenuous work over prolonged periods
Individual factors also play a significant role in dehydration. Lack of education about effective hydration practices and cooling techniques can hinder individuals from adequately hydrating themselves. Older adults with existing co-morbidities, such as cardiovascular, respiratory, and renal dysfunction, are at higher risk of dehydration. Lack of acclimatization to changing environmental conditions, limited access to water at regular intervals, absence of electrolyte consumption, inadequate access to shaded environments, lack of cooling equipment, and unpalatability of fluids can all contribute to dehydration on an individual level.
- Lack of education about effective hydration and cooling
- Involuntary dehydration
- Older adults existing co-morbidities, in particular cardiovascular, respiratory and renal dysfunction
- Lack of acclimatisation
- No access to an adequate supply of water at regular intervals
- No use of electrolytes
- No access to shaded environments
- Equipment that assists the body in cooling
- Unpalatability of fluids discouraging fluid consumption
“Just 2% of dehydration = a 20% decrease in work and mental performance.”
Symptoms of Dehydration
Recognising the symptoms of dehydration is essential for prompt intervention. The severity of symptoms may vary depending on the extent of dehydration. Common symptoms include excessive thirst, dry mouth, dark yellow urine, infrequent urination, fatigue, dizziness, lightheadedness, confusion, dry skin, headache, muscle cramps, and in severe cases, rapid heartbeat and fainting.
- Heat Rash
- Heat Oedema
- Heat Cramps
- Heat Exhaustion
- Heat Stroke
The Importance of Hydration
Proper hydration is vital for maintaining overall health and well-being. Water is essential for numerous bodily functions, including regulating body temperature, lubricating joints, transporting nutrients, and eliminating waste. When dehydration occurs, these processes are compromised, leading to decreased physical and cognitive performance, increased risk of heat-related illnesses, and reduced productivity.
Preventing Dehydration
Preventing dehydration requires proactive measures. Hydration should be a priority, especially in hot environments and during physical exertion. Safety coordinators in workplaces should develop comprehensive hydration plans that consider environmental factors and individual needs. Providing access to clean and cool drinking water at regular intervals is crucial. Educating individuals about effective hydration practices and the importance of electrolyte balance is also essential. Electrolyte rehydration drinks like Sqwincher can be beneficial in replenishing electrolytes lost during sweating.
Dehydration is a significant concern that can have detrimental effects on health and performance. Understanding the causes and symptoms of dehydration and prioritizing proper hydration is essential. By implementing preventive measures and promoting awareness about hydration, we can ensure the well-being and productivity of individuals in various settings. Remember, staying hydrated is not just a choice; it’s a necessity for optimal functioning of the body.
Secure a free worksite trial by contacting Pryme today and visit Safe Work Australia for more information on heat stress management.
RELATED: Worksite Dehydration – THE SIGNS, THE RISKS … & THE SOLUTION
REFERENCE: https://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/media-centre/news/updated-guidance-material-managing-risks-working-heat
